Day: November 20, 2023

Eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano in the South Pacific on 14 January 2022, one day prior to the larger eruption plume that would significantly impact stratospheric composition. (Tonga Geological Services, Adapted from Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0)

Massive 2022 eruption reduced ozone levels

November 20, 2023

The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano changed the chemistry, dynamics of Earth’s stratosphere

Global surface ocean pH on total scale in 2020. Modified from Jiang et al. (2023).

Acidification of the Global Surface Ocean: What We Have Learned from Observations

November 20, 2023

Global surface ocean pH on total scale in 2020. Modified from Jiang et al. (2023). ESSIC Scientist Liqing Jiang is a co-author on a new

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Last Updated: 13 January 2025